Barbara Rossi (born 1940) is a Chicago artist and one of the original Chicago Imagists, a group from the 1960s and 1970s known for representational art. She first exhibited with them at the Hyde Park Art Center in 1969. Rossi is recognized for meticulously rendered drawings and cartoonish paintings, primarily created as reverse paintings on plexiglass that reference lowbrow and outsider art as well as a personal vernacular.
She teaches at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Rossi has exhibited internationally, and her works are held in the collections of the Art Institute of Chicago; the Madison Museum of Contemporary Art, Wisconsin; the Milwaukee Museum of Contemporary Art; the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago; the David and Alfred Smart Museum at the University of Chicago; and the Smithsonian Museum of American Art in Washington, DC.